Supervision scheme for electromechanical equipment installation engineering

Electromechanical equipment installation project has the characteristics of short construction period, strong professionalism and large quantities. The quality of supervision work is directly related to the input-output and project quality of electromechanical construction project. This paper discusses the task and necessity of the current supervision of electromechanical equipment installation engineering, and puts forward the suggestions and key points for the project owner to implement the supervision target control of electromechanical equipment installation engineering. 1、 The significance of strengthening the whole process supervision of mechanical and electrical equipment engineering the project owner often employs professional technicians or experts in the early stage consultation of mechanical and electrical equipment engineering implementation (such as production process selection, cost prediction, production equipment selection, bidding document review, bidding, bid evaluation, bid determination and contract negotiation, etc.), and adopts the project management mode of self-management in the later stage of project implementation. This management mode often leads to the consequences of relying on the designer and the equipment manufacturer, and the whole process depends on the other party of the contract. Experts provide advice for reference. Whether to accept or not depends on the project owner, and finally on the designer. In the self-management mode adopted by the project owner in the later stage, the technical personnel assigned attach importance to professional technology rather than project management. In the process of contract implementation, they pay attention to individual quality, local quality, overall cooperation and coordination between objectives. Finally, all objectives can only be guaranteed by the equipment contractor. It can be seen that neither the expert consultation method nor the self-management mode can control the construction goal of electromechanical equipment engineering. To control the construction goal of the project, we must introduce project supervision. Project supervision is to control the objectives. The task of the supervision engineer is to compare the planned objectives with the actual values through regular inspection, take control measures in case of deviation, and ensure that the project objectives are always in the optimal state through scientific adjustment in all aspects. From the tasks of each stage of electromechanical equipment engineering management, it can be seen that there is the management of engineering objectives in both the early and late implementation of the project, and each objective restricts each other. The supervision means of tracking inspection, regular sampling and regular comparison with the planning objectives should be adopted for the control of objectives. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the whole process supervision into electromechanical equipment engineering. 2、 Main tasks of whole process supervision of electromechanical equipment installation engineering 2.1 whole process supervision design tender. Process selection and equipment selection is a comprehensive management process integrating professional technology, cost economy, environmental technology and information management technology, which has the greatest impact on the investment objectives, construction period objectives and final quality objectives of electromechanical equipment engineering construction. As the contractor of process equipment selection scheme, the designer has a contractual relationship with the project owner. As the contractor of the contract, it has its own interests. Therefore, for the whole design process and design results of the designer, the feasibility of design scheme selection (ex ante), rationality of design (in-process) and effectiveness of scheme implementation (ex post) shall be evaluated according to the set investment, construction period and quality objectives Control to ensure that all objectives are controlled in the design process. 2.2 organize demonstration. The project bidding document is the key stage to realize process selection and continue equipment selection. The quality of its preparation is related to whether each bidder can do its best to provide products with advanced and reliable technology, reasonable cost, appropriate construction period and relatively low operation cost. Therefore, the project owner must organize relevant technicians or experts to review and demonstrate the scheme provided by the designer. The selection of the preparation unit of the bidding document, the control of the information used in the preparation process and its collection channels, and the final review of the bidding document are related to the success or failure of the bidding, bid evaluation, bid award, contract negotiation and final contract award of the project. 2.3 equipment manufacturing supervision. Equipment design and manufacturing is the substantive implementation process in the implementation stage of electromechanical equipment engineering. The basis for controlling the equipment contractor includes equipment contract, current technical standards, specifications, etc. The technical specifications in the equipment contract can only be used as a more detailed equipment design assignment, and the drawings included in the contract are only the overall process, general equipment drawing and general layout, which truly reflects the equipment quality or the detailed design of the equipment. The control of equipment detailed design process involves the control of process material selection, processing process selection, matching degree review of each system, structural rationality review, applicability of electrical and control design, reliability review, interface review between process equipment and information exchange. 2.4 the on-site installation and commissioning stage is the last stage of the construction period, which is characterized by tight construction period and complex coordination relationship in all aspects. The installation quality of equipment is the key to ensure the normal operation of equipment commissioning. The installation and commissioning shall be carried out according to the installation and commissioning construction process design formulated and implemented according to the installation and construction technology and assembly data in the plant, so as to ensure the realization of its quality and construction period objectives. Control the installation process such as equipment adjustment, on-site unpacking, positioning, pre commissioning, equipment interface processing, parameter inspection, timely review of relevant rectification schemes, and control the commissioning process such as relevant parameter records and adjustment records during equipment operation, so as to ensure that the whole process of equipment installation and commissioning is under control. 3、 The objective control content of electromechanical equipment installation supervision the three objectives and working principles of electromechanical equipment installation engineering supervision are as follows: the whole construction process and comprehensive dynamic control of project quality, progress and investment based on project quality control; The process control of the three major objectives of the project shall be strengthened on the premise and basis of prevention and control. In the three major objective control, quality control should be closely combined with progress and investment control. The supervision engineer will adopt the dynamic control method of advance, process, result and information feedback to implement the whole process control of the project construction objectives. 3.1 quality control. The objective of quality control of electromechanical equipment installation project is to achieve the quality standards and levels specified in the design and contract. The main responsibility of the supervisor is to take effective measures to strictly inspect, supervise and control the project quality, so as to ensure the realization of quality objectives. ① Contractor's supervision and management. Quality control is the most frequent and onerous work of the supervising engineer in the construction stage. It is necessary to strictly approve in advance, supervise in the process and check afterwards for each construction stage of the contractor. The contractor will be strictly supervised and managed from the following points to ensure the mechanical and electrical equipment installation project & ldquo; Put into production up to standard and build high-quality projects & rdquo; Requirements: review commencement conditions; Review the Contractor's organization and staff; Review the subcontractors selected by the contractor according to the bidding documents and relevant provisions of the contract; Strictly review the Contractor's construction organization design, construction technical measures design and total quality management assurance system; Inspect the Contractor's construction machinery and equipment; Organize relevant units to disclose the design drawings, equipment provided by the manufacturer, installation instructions and technical standards to the contractor. ② Establish the quality monitoring system of the mechanical and electrical equipment engineering supervision department, review the Contractor's quality assurance system, and form a perfect quality management system, that is, establish a quality inspection system; Formulate quality inspection procedures; Strictly examine and approve the technical report before the project; Review the construction organization design and construction technical measure design submitted by the contractor; Review the Contractor's quality assurance manual and review the statistical data or charts reflecting the project quality dynamics submitted by the contractor; Review design change and drawing modification documents; Review relevant project quality accident handling reports; Review the technical appraisal report on the application of new materials and technologies; Conduct on-site follow-up inspection. 3.2 progress control. The supervision engineer's main responsibility for progress control is to take effective supervision measures to assist the owner to dynamically control the project progress. The installation unit shall prepare the overall installation schedule and installation schedule network diagram according to the contents and construction period specified in the contract and submit them to the supervision department for approval. The approved installation schedule and network diagram shall be used as the basis for controlling the project progress. Main tasks of construction progress control: start the project and carefully and strictly approve the general construction progress of the contractor; Organize or participate in various meetings to coordinate the progress, implement the construction conditions provided by the owner according to the contract, and put forward suggestions to the owner if necessary; Objectively and fairly handle the reasonable construction period claim put forward by the contractor. 3.3 investment control. During the construction stage, the supervision engineer's main work on project investment control includes: assisting the owner in preparing investment control objectives and annual investment plans; Review the capital flow plan submitted by the contractor; Carry out on-site measurement and signing in accordance with the contract; Strictly review the Contractor's monthly measurement report, issue the project payment voucher, establish the payment account, timely compare with the project quantity quotation and the approved capital flow plan, analyze the causes immediately and report to the owner in case of any deviation; Strictly review and determine the unit price of new items and changed items, and report to the owner for approval when required by the owner; Determine and strictly control the cost of engineering change according to the authorization of the owner; Provide the owner with investment saving design, construction and other optimization schemes as far as possible; Develop measures to avoid or reduce cost claims; Accept the claim application, investigate and evaluate the claim according to the contract documents, and determine the progress delay compensation or the acceleration expenses payable to the contractor for the owner's approval. Do a good job & ldquo; Material price difference & rdquo; And & ldquo; Expense Makeup & rdquo; Audit of the project; Prepare the final measurement and payment report after the completion of the project; Assist the owner in preparing the completion final account report. 3.4 contract management. The main contents of the supervision engineer's management of the project contract in the construction stage include: comprehensively managing the project contract and being responsible for the interpretation of the contract terms; Review and propose the qualification of subcontractors and subcontracting projects selected by the contractor; Assist the owner and the designer to sign the supply agreement of design documents and construction drawings; Accept claim applications, conduct claim investigation and evaluation; Assist the owner in controversial negotiations; Handle contract changes as authorized by the owner. In case of major engineering changes, report to the owner for approval before implementation. 3.5 information management. Archive and save the information according to the relevant national regulations, collect the project data and supervision files, integrate them according to the relevant file management or the requirements of the owner, and transfer them to the owner before the completion acceptance of the project or before the demobilization at the end of the supervision service period; Establish regular meeting system and sort out meeting minutes; Establish a sound reporting system, standardize the format of various reports or statements, and provide technical and management information for project supervision. 3.6 safety production. Examine and approve the qualification of the Contractor's full-time safety management personnel, inspect and urge the contractor to establish a safety work guarantee system, formulate various rules and regulations, and improve safety precautions. Hold regular safety meetings regularly, check and summarize safety work, participate in the investigation of major safety accidents, and assist the owner in reviewing the accident reports submitted by relevant units; Carry out safety publicity and education and strengthen the safety awareness of all personnel on site. 3.7 equipment management. The quality control of electromechanical equipment is the premise of installation quality control. Therefore, the arrival acceptance of electromechanical equipment is a very important work. The supervising engineer participating in the acceptance shall conduct the acceptance in strict accordance with the quantity and quality specified in the contract, and the unqualified equipment shall not be put into storage. Therefore, the supervision engineer should have a high sense of responsibility, good professional ethics and rich practical experience in order to undertake this important task and lay a solid foundation for ensuring the quality control of equipment installation. 4、 Do a good job in the key points of equipment installation supervision 4.1 deeply understand the design documents. As a supervisor, supervise and manage the project entrusted by the owner. To complete the tasks authorized and entrusted by the owner in the supervision contract, the supervision engineer must deeply understand the design intention of the design documents and drawings, which is an important work controlled by the supervisor in advance. Only by being familiar with the drawings, understanding the project characteristics, installation methods and construction requirements of key parts of the project, and mastering the requirements for important materials, components and equipment, can the installation unit be urged to construct with quality and quantity according to the drawings. 4.2 attach great importance to the joint review of drawings. The project quality mainly depends on the design quality, material and equipment quality and construction quality. Therefore, drawing joint review is an important link to ensure project quality. The installation supervision engineer shall be familiar with and master not only national specifications and mandatory regulations, but also local regulations and specifications. In order to point out the non-standard parts of the construction drawings, the supervising engineer is required to be very familiar with the mandatory provisions in the design and construction process. As the drawing review is conducted separately by each discipline, it is not easy to consider comprehensively, so it is the last pass before construction & mdash& mdash;& mdash; During drawing disclosure and joint review, problems must be found and the design department shall be requested to modify them. If necessary, ask the original drawing review department to review again. During the joint review of installation engineering drawings, the installation supervision engineer must pay attention to the following problems. First, it is inconsistent with the civil construction drawings. During the joint review of drawings, due to the professional division of labor, the supervision engineers are often only familiar with their own professional construction drawings, ignoring the comparison between hydropower installation and civil construction drawings, leaving hidden dangers in the future construction process. The more important questions are as follows: whether the position of neutral pipes in water supply and drainage, fire control and air conditioning projects affects the installation and use function of doors and windows; Whether the gradient of horizontal pipe is limited by floor height and door opening girder; Whether the position of fire sprinkler head and smoke detector in public parts is reasonable; Whether the elevation of domestic water pipe and fire water pipe is reasonable and whether pipe fighting will occur; Whether the direction of cable tray is reasonable and parallel; Whether the reserved position of the wall outlet hole of the basement is reasonable, etc. Second, the design drawings are not standardized. Some installation drawings may not be original, but modified by other drawings, and the mandatory provisions are ignored in the process of change. Similarly, for the appeal project, due to the disconnection between design and civil engineering and improper layout of air conditioning pipelines, the condensate discharge riser is near the door of the walkway, which affects the beauty and cannot be constructed. At the same time, the drain water is discharged to one end instead of two ends to the middle. Due to the limitation of the girder, the drain slope of the condensate pipe cannot meet the specification requirements. In addition, due to the high ring beam, when the air conditioning pipeline enters the offices on both sides from the corridor, it has to reduce the height (at the same time, strong and weak current bridges and ceiling keel are gathered in the corridor), which affects the ceiling height of the corridor and affects the daylighting and decoration effect. The third is the incompleteness of humanity in the design drawings. The building is finally used by people. However, in terms of structural design, the designer mostly considers safety first, and the humanization of care and use is limited. Therefore, in the process of installation and construction, the user's convenience, behavior habits, local characteristics and other requirements shall be met as much as possible. For example, the distribution of sockets and the location of telephone and TV jacks should be reasonably arranged under normal circumstances according to the form and size of the room, rather than arbitrarily considering the convenience of construction. 4.3 strengthen patrol inspection and parallel inspection during construction. In actual work, due to the particularity of installation engineering, the workload of installation supervisors in a unit project is much less than that of civil engineering supervision, and there are time periods. Therefore, it is often an installation supervision engineer who supervises several unit projects at the same time, and the time of on-site inspection is relatively small, which is easy to cause the consequences of not knowing the project situation in time and in detail, and the work of prior control is not in place. Therefore, the installation supervision engineer should often go to the site to see more, understand more about the progress and plan of the project, and be strict with the key parts, key processes and the mobilization of important materials...